Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)

Botanical Classification

  • Scientific Name: Valeriana officinalis
  • Family: Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle family, previously Valerianaceae)
  • Common Names: Valerian, Garden Valerian, All-Heal, Setwall

Parts Used

  • Root & Rhizome: The primary medicinal part, dried and used in tinctures, powders, or teas.
  • Leaves: Occasionally used in mild teas but far less potent than the root.
  • Flowers: Rarely used in herbal medicine, but they have a mild fragrance and are sometimes added to potpourri.

Constituents

  • Valerenic Acid: The primary active compound responsible for the sedative and calming effects.
  • Valepotriates: Volatile oils contributing to its relaxing and muscle-relaxing properties.
  • Alkaloids: Act as mild nervous system relaxants.
  • Flavonoids & Iridoids: Provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
  • GABAergic Compounds: Enhance the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps regulate nervous system activity.

Medicinal Uses

Equine Use

  • Calming Agent: Used for nervous, anxious, or excitable horses, particularly before transport, competitions, or new environments.
  • Muscle Relaxant: May help with muscle tension and cramping.
  • Pain Management: Used to ease mild pain and discomfort.
  • Digestive Support: Helps relieve colic symptoms linked to stress.

Usage:

  • Can be given dried or powdered in feed.
  • Tinctures or infusions can be added to drinking water.
  • Often found in calming supplements for horses.

Precautions:

  • Banned in competition horses under FEI regulations due to its sedative effects.
  • High doses may cause drowsiness or mild digestive upset.
  • Not recommended for pregnant mares due to potential uterine effects.

Canine Use

  • Anxiety & Stress Relief: Helps dogs with separation anxiety, noise phobias (e.g., fireworks), and nervousness.
  • Sleep Aid: Useful for restless or hyperactive dogs at night.
  • Muscle Relaxant: May aid in conditions involving muscle spasms or tension.
  • Travel Support: Given before journeys to calm travel-induced stress.

Usage:

  • Powdered root or tincture added to food or water (dosage varies based on weight).
  • Herbal infusions (cooled) can be given as a mild sedative.
  • Often included in natural calming treats or supplements for dogs.

Precautions:

  • Some dogs may experience opposite effects (excitability instead of sedation).
  • Should be used cautiously in dogs with liver or kidney issues.
  • Avoid long-term daily use without veterinary guidance.

UK & Isle of Man Folklore & Traditional Uses

  • Protection & Warding Off Evil: Valerian was traditionally hung in homes or placed under pillows to ward off evil spirits and nightmares.
  • Love & Attraction: In British folklore, valerian was sometimes used in love charms and potions.
  • Healing Herb: Known as "All-Heal," it was used for a variety of ailments, including wounds and nervous disorders.
  • Manx Traditions: On the Isle of Man, valerian was believed to have protective qualities and was occasionally used in herbal remedies for restlessness and bad dreams.
  • Animal Use in Folklore: Cats are famously drawn to valerian root (similar to catnip), and it was believed that witches used it to befriend and calm animals.

Conclusion

Valerian is a powerful natural sedative with uses across humans, horses, and dogs. It is commonly used for stress relief, relaxation, and muscle tension. In UK and Isle of Man folklore, it was associated with protection, love, and healing.

While effective, valerian should be used with caution, as it can cause drowsiness or, in some cases, hyperactivity. It is also banned in competitive horse sports due to its calming effects. Proper dosing and veterinary consultation are recommended for safe use in animals.

Calming

Digestion

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Vervain (Verbena officinalis)